Uburyo bukora neza, buzigama ingufu, icyatsi, nuburyo bworoshye bwo gukonjesha nicyerekezo cyubushakashatsi budashira bwabantu. Vuba aha, ingingo yo kuri interineti mu kinyamakuru Science yatanze raporo ku ngamba nshya yo gukonjesha yoroheje yavumbuwe nitsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ry’abahanga b’abashinwa n’abanyamerika - “ubukonje bwa torsional”. Itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ryasanze guhindura impinduka imbere ya fibre bishobora kugera ku gukonja. Bitewe no gukonjesha gukomeye, ubunini buto, no gukoreshwa mubikoresho bitandukanye bisanzwe, "firigo ya firigo" ikozwe hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga nayo yabaye icyizere.
Ibi byagezweho bivuye mu bushakashatsi bwa koperative y’itsinda rya Porofeseri Liu Zunfeng wo muri Laboratwari ya Leta y’ubuvuzi bwa chimie Biologiya Biologiya, Ishuri rya Farumasi, na Laboratoire Nkuru ya Polymer ikora ya Minisiteri y’uburezi ya kaminuza ya Nankai, hamwe nitsinda rya Ray H. Baugman. , umwarimu wa kaminuza ya leta ya Texas, ishami rya Dallas, na Yang Shixian, umunyeshuri wa kaminuza ya Nankai.
Gabanya ubushyuhe gusa hanyuma ubigoreke
Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu kigo mpuzamahanga cy’ubushakashatsi bwa firigo, ngo amashanyarazi akoreshwa na kondereti na firigo ku isi kugeza ubu agera kuri 20% by’amashanyarazi ku isi. Ihame rikoreshwa cyane mu gukonjesha ikirere muri iki gihe muri rusange rifite Carnot ikora munsi ya 60%, kandi imyuka irekurwa nuburyo bukonjesha bwa gakondo ikomeza ubushyuhe bwisi. Hamwe nogukenera gukonjesha abantu, gushakisha uburyo bushya bwo gukonjesha hamwe nigisubizo cyo kurushaho kunoza imikorere ya firigo, kugabanya ibiciro, no kugabanya ingano yibikoresho bya firigo byabaye umurimo wihutirwa.
Rubber isanzwe izana ubushyuhe iyo irambuye, ariko ubushyuhe buzagabanuka nyuma yo gusubira inyuma. Iyi phenomenon yitwa "elastique yumuriro wa elastique", yavumbuwe mu ntangiriro yikinyejana cya 19. Ariko, kugirango ugere ku ngaruka nziza yo gukonjesha, reberi igomba kubanza kuramburwa inshuro 6-7 z'uburebure bwayo hanyuma igasubira inyuma. Ibi bivuze ko gukonjesha bisaba ingano nini. Byongeye kandi, Carnot ikora neza ya "firigo yubushyuhe" iri hasi cyane, mubisanzwe hafi 32%.
Binyuze mu buhanga bwa "torsional cooling", abashakashatsi barambuye fibrous rubber elastomer inshuro ebyiri (100%), hanyuma bakosora impande zombi barazigoreka kuva kumutwe umwe kugirango babe imiterere ya Superhelix. Nyuma yaho, habaye kwihuta gukabije, kandi ubushyuhe bwa fibre fibre bwagabanutseho dogere selisiyusi 15.5.
Igisubizo kirenze ingaruka zo gukonjesha ukoresheje tekinoroji ya 'elastique yumuriro wa firigo': reberi irambuye inshuro 7 amasezerano kandi ikonja kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 12.2. Ariko, niba reberi ihindagurika kandi ikagurwa, hanyuma ikarekurwa icyarimwe, 'firigo ya torsional yumuriro' irashobora gukonja kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 16.4. Liu Zunfeng yagize ati gukonjesha.
Umurongo wo kuroba hamwe numurongo wimyenda nabyo birashobora gukonjeshwa
Abashakashatsi berekanye ko hakiri byinshi byo kunonosora reberi nkibikoresho bya “firigo ya torsional”. Kurugero, reberi ifite imiterere yoroshye kandi isaba impinduka nyinshi kugirango ugere ku gukonja gukomeye. Umuvuduko wo kohereza ubushyuhe uratinda, kandi ibibazo nko gukoresha inshuro nyinshi no kuramba kwibikoresho bigomba kwitabwaho. Kubwibyo, gucukumbura ibindi bikoresho bya "torsional firigo" byahindutse icyerekezo cyingenzi cyitsinda ryubushakashatsi.
Igishimishije, twabonye ko gahunda ya 'torsional heat cool' gahunda nayo ikoreshwa muburobyi n'imirongo y'imyenda. Mbere, abantu ntibigeze bamenya ko ibyo bikoresho bisanzwe byakoreshwa mu gukonjesha, "Liu Zunfeng.
Abashakashatsi babanje kugoreka fibre ikomeye ya polymer hanyuma bakora imiterere ihindagurika. Kurambura helix birashobora kuzamura ubushyuhe, ariko nyuma yo gukuramo helix, ubushyuhe buragabanuka.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya "torsional heat cool", insinga ya polyethylene ishobora kubyara ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 5.1, mugihe ibikoresho birambuye kandi bigasohoka nta mpinduka z'ubushyuhe zigaragara. Ihame rya 'torsional heat cooling' yubwoko bwa fibre polyethylene ni uko mugihe cyo kurambura kwaguka, kugoreka imbere kwa helix kugabanuka, biganisha ku mpinduka zingufu. Liu Zunfeng yavuze ko ibyo bikoresho bigoye cyane biramba kuruta fibre, kandi igipimo cyo gukonja kirenze icya rubber nubwo cyaba kigufi cyane.
Abashakashatsi basanze kandi gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya "torsional heat cooling" kuri nikel titanium yibikoresho byibukwa hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi hamwe no kohereza ubushyuhe bwihuse bivamo gukora neza, kandi hasabwa gusa impinduka zo hasi kugirango habeho ingaruka zikomeye zo gukonja.
Kurugero, muguhinduranya insinga enye za nikel titanium alloy hamwe, ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwagabanutse nyuma yo kudafungura burashobora kugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 20.8, kandi muri rusange igabanuka ryubushyuhe rishobora no kugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 18.2. Ibi biri hejuru gato ya dogere selisiyusi 17.0 ikonje hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya 'firigo firigo'. Inzira imwe yo gukonjesha ifata amasegonda 30 gusa, "Liu Zunfeng.
Ubuhanga bushya burashobora gukoreshwa muri firigo mugihe kizaza
Abashakashatsi bashingiye ku buhanga bwa "torsional heat frigo", abashakashatsi bakoze moderi ya firigo ishobora gukonjesha amazi atemba. Bakoresheje insinga eshatu za nikel titanium nk'ibikoresho byo gukonjesha, bazunguruka 0.87 revolisiyo kuri santimetero kugirango bagere kuri dogere selisiyusi 7.7.
Ubu buvumbuzi buracyafite inzira ndende mbere yo gucuruza 'firigo ikonjesha ubushyuhe', hamwe n'amahirwe ndetse n'ingorane, "Ray Bowman. Liu Zunfeng yizera ko tekinoroji nshya yo gukonjesha yavumbuwe muri ubu bushakashatsi yaguye urwego rushya mu bijyanye na firigo. Bizatanga uburyo bushya bwo kugabanya gukoresha ingufu murwego rwa firigo.
Ikindi kintu kidasanzwe muri "firigo ya torsional" ni uko ibice bitandukanye bya fibre bigaragaza ubushyuhe butandukanye, ibyo bikaba biterwa no gukwirakwiza buri gihe helix iterwa no kugoreka fibre yerekeza ku burebure bwa fibre. Abashakashatsi batwikiriye ubuso bwa nikel titanium alloy wire hamwe na Thermochromism coating kugirango bakore ibara rya "torsional cool" ibara rihindura fibre. Mugihe cyo kugoreka no kudahindagurika, fibre ihinduka ibara risubira inyuma. Irashobora gukoreshwa nkubwoko bushya bwibintu byo kwipimisha kure ya optique yo gupima fibre twist. Kurugero, nukwitegereza impinduka zamabara nijisho ryonyine, umuntu arashobora kumenya umubare wimpinduramatwara ibikoresho byakozwe kure, bikaba sensor yoroshye cyane. “Liu Zunfeng yavuze ko hashingiwe ku ihame ryo“ gukonjesha ubushyuhe bwa torsional ”, fibre zimwe na zimwe zishobora no gukoreshwa mu myenda y'ubwenge ihindura imyenda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-13-2023